Albert Schrauwers
Professor Emeritus
Office: Vari Hall, 2046
Email: schrauwe@yorku.ca
Primary website: http://www.laps-dept.apps01.yorku.ca/anth/faculty/schrauwers/
Not accepting new graduate students
As an economic anthropologist, I examine the cultural and political history of the corporation. I analyze this relatively new form of social organization through the lens of colonial historiography, governmentality, and development theory.
In the Ontario case, I have written extensively on the corporate origins of early Canada’s transition to a capitalist economy. In particular, I have contrasted the economic vehicles created by groups of utopian socialists (the “Children of Peace”) to meet public needs, with the chartered corporations created by “gentlemanly capitalists” as a way of governing the economy. Theories of governmentality and social capital are melded with political economy to provide an alternate interpretation of the emergence of Canada’s democratic traditions. Much of this work provides support for the Sharon Temple, a national historic site, and the sole remaining memorial to the broad utopian socialist tradition in Canada. In the Indonesian case, I similarly examine the “transition debate” in the light of the development of Dutch Royal corporations as a governmental strategy to manage the "pauper" as well as the "native". Comparative analysis of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia and British colonialism in Canada provide insights into the historic means by which those strategies Foucault called “governmentality” developed in specific political economic and cultural situations. The emphasis again is on the effects of economic governmentality on development and democracy.
Degrees
PhD, University of TorontoAppointments
Faculty of Graduate StudiesProfessional Leadership
Former Chair & Undergraduate Program Director, Department of Anthropology, 2011-18.
Community Contributions
former Board Member, Sharon Temple National Historic Site.
ICOMOS Advisory Committee, Colonies of Benevolence UNESCO World Heritage Site Application.
Research Interests
Merchant Kings: Corporate Governmentality in the Dutch Colonial Empire, 1815-1870 (Berghahn Books; New York, 2021)
“Union is Strength”: W.L. Mackenzie, the Children of Peace and the Emergence of Joint Stock Democracy in Upper Canada (Toronto, University of Toronto Press).
Co-editor with Deborah James, “An Apartheid of Souls: Dutch and Afrikaner Colonialism and its aftermath.” Special Issue of Itinerario 27 (3/4).
‘“The Road Not Taken”: Duncombe on Republican Currency: Joint Stock Democracy, Civic Republicanism, and Free Banking’ in Maxime Dagenais and Julien Mauduit Ed’s. Revolutions across Borders Jacksonian America and the Canadian Rebellion (Montreal/Kingston: McGill-Queens University Press), 174- 208.
“Through a glass darkly: Charity, Conspiracy and Power in New Order Indonesia” for the volume, Transparency and Conspiracy: Power Revealed and Concealed in (the) Global Village(s) edited by Harry G. West and Todd Sanders. (Durham, Duke University Press)
“‘It’s not economical’: The Market Roots of a Moral Economy.” In Transforming the Indonesian Uplands: Marginality, Power and Production edited by Tania Li, pp. 105-29. (London/Singapore; “Studies in Environmental Anthropology”, Harwood Academic Publishers/ ISEAS)
“Returning to the ‘Origin’: Church and State in the Ethnogenesis of the ‘To Pamona’.” In Southeast Asian Identities: Culture and the Politics of Representation in Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand edited by Joel Kahn, pp. 203-26. (Singapore/New York/London; ISEAS/St. Martin’s Press/Taurus).
“Banknotes, Bookkeeping Barter and Cloth Money: Conversions of ‘Special Purpose Money’ in the Cloth and Dammar Trade of Sulawesi, Indonesia, 1860-1905” Economic Anthropology, available in EarlyView 8(2).
“Colonies of Benevolence: A Carceral Archipelago of Empire in the Greater Netherlands” History and Anthropology 31(3): 352-70.
“Colonies of Benevolence: A Carceral Archipelago of Empire in the Greater Netherlands” History and Anthropology 31(3): 352-70.
“The Spirit of the Gift, the Price of Potency: A Maussian Model of the Southeast Asian State of Luwu” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 25(4): 738-59.
“The Spirit of the Gift, the Price of Potency: A Maussian Model of the Southeast Asian State of Luwu” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 25(4): 738-59.
“Tilting at Windmills: The Utopian Socialist Roots of the Patriot War, 1838–1839” Labour/Le Travail 79(1): 53-80.
"Houses of Worship in Sulawesi: Precedence, Hierarchy and Class in the Development of House Ideology" Anthropological Forum 26(4): 333-54.
“A Genealogy of Corporate Governmentality in the Realm of the ‘Merchant-King’: The Netherlands Trading Company and the Management of Dutch Paupers” Economy & Society 40(3).
“Policing Production: Corporate Governmentality and the Cultivation System” Focaal: Journal of Historical and Global Anthropology, 2011 (61): 75-90.
“‘Money bound you – money shall loose you”: Gift Giving, Social Capital and the Meaning of Money in Upper Canada” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 53(2): 1-30.
“Regenten (‘Gentlemanly’) Capitalism: Saint-Simonian Technocracy and the emergence of the ‘Industrial Great Club’ in the mid-Nineteenth-Century Netherlands” Enterprise and Society 11(3): 1-31.
“The Gentlemanly Order & the Politics of Production in the Transition to Capitalism in Upper Canada” Labour/ Le Travail 65(1): 9-45.
“Revolutions without a Revolutionary Moment: Joint Stock Democracy & the Transition to Capitalism in Upper Canada” Canadian Historical Review 89(2): 223-55.
“H(h)ouses, E(e)states and Class: On the Importance of Capitals in central Sulawesi” Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 160 (1): 71-93.
“An Apartheid of Souls: Religious Rationalization in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia”. Itinerario 27 (3/4): 142-159.
“The Miser's Store: Property and Traditional Law in the Governance of the Economy.” Journal of Peasant Studies 29(2): 24-46.
“Sitting in Silence: Self, Emotion and Tradition in the Genesis of a Charismatic Ministry.” Ethos 29 (4): 1-23.
“The Benevolent Colonies of Johannes van den Bosch: Continuities in the Administration of Poverty in the Netherlands and Indonesia” Comparative Studies in Society and History 43(2): 298-328.
“Three weddings and a Performance: Marriage, Households and Development in the Highlands of Central Sulawesi”, American Ethnologist 27(4): 1-23.
Negotiating Parentage: The Political Economy of Kinship in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.” American Ethnologist Vol. 26 (2): 310-23.
“’Let’s Party’: State Intervention, Discursive Traditionalism and the Labour Process of Highland Rice Cultivators in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.” Journal of Peasant Studies Vol. 25 (3): 112-30.
“Houses, Hierarchy, Headhunting and Exchange: Rethinking Political Relations in the Southeast Asian Realm of Luwu.” Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde vol. 153 (3): 311-35.
“The Household and Shared Poverty in the Highlands of Central Sulawesi.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, incorporating Man n.s. vol. 1 (2): 337-57.
Not accepting new graduate students
As an economic anthropologist, I examine the cultural and political history of the corporation. I analyze this relatively new form of social organization through the lens of colonial historiography, governmentality, and development theory.
In the Ontario case, I have written extensively on the corporate origins of early Canada’s transition to a capitalist economy. In particular, I have contrasted the economic vehicles created by groups of utopian socialists (the “Children of Peace”) to meet public needs, with the chartered corporations created by “gentlemanly capitalists” as a way of governing the economy. Theories of governmentality and social capital are melded with political economy to provide an alternate interpretation of the emergence of Canada’s democratic traditions. Much of this work provides support for the Sharon Temple, a national historic site, and the sole remaining memorial to the broad utopian socialist tradition in Canada. In the Indonesian case, I similarly examine the “transition debate” in the light of the development of Dutch Royal corporations as a governmental strategy to manage the "pauper" as well as the "native". Comparative analysis of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia and British colonialism in Canada provide insights into the historic means by which those strategies Foucault called “governmentality” developed in specific political economic and cultural situations. The emphasis again is on the effects of economic governmentality on development and democracy.
Degrees
PhD, University of TorontoAppointments
Faculty of Graduate StudiesProfessional Leadership
Former Chair & Undergraduate Program Director, Department of Anthropology, 2011-18.
Community Contributions
former Board Member, Sharon Temple National Historic Site.
ICOMOS Advisory Committee, Colonies of Benevolence UNESCO World Heritage Site Application.
Research Interests
All Publications
‘“The Road Not Taken”: Duncombe on Republican Currency: Joint Stock Democracy, Civic Republicanism, and Free Banking’ in Maxime Dagenais and Julien Mauduit Ed’s. Revolutions across Borders Jacksonian America and the Canadian Rebellion (Montreal/Kingston: McGill-Queens University Press), 174- 208.
“Through a glass darkly: Charity, Conspiracy and Power in New Order Indonesia” for the volume, Transparency and Conspiracy: Power Revealed and Concealed in (the) Global Village(s) edited by Harry G. West and Todd Sanders. (Durham, Duke University Press)
“‘It’s not economical’: The Market Roots of a Moral Economy.” In Transforming the Indonesian Uplands: Marginality, Power and Production edited by Tania Li, pp. 105-29. (London/Singapore; “Studies in Environmental Anthropology”, Harwood Academic Publishers/ ISEAS)
“Returning to the ‘Origin’: Church and State in the Ethnogenesis of the ‘To Pamona’.” In Southeast Asian Identities: Culture and the Politics of Representation in Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand edited by Joel Kahn, pp. 203-26. (Singapore/New York/London; ISEAS/St. Martin’s Press/Taurus).
Merchant Kings: Corporate Governmentality in the Dutch Colonial Empire, 1815-1870 (Berghahn Books; New York, 2021)
“Union is Strength”: W.L. Mackenzie, the Children of Peace and the Emergence of Joint Stock Democracy in Upper Canada (Toronto, University of Toronto Press).
Co-editor with Deborah James, “An Apartheid of Souls: Dutch and Afrikaner Colonialism and its aftermath.” Special Issue of Itinerario 27 (3/4).
“Banknotes, Bookkeeping Barter and Cloth Money: Conversions of ‘Special Purpose Money’ in the Cloth and Dammar Trade of Sulawesi, Indonesia, 1860-1905” Economic Anthropology, available in EarlyView 8(2).
“Colonies of Benevolence: A Carceral Archipelago of Empire in the Greater Netherlands” History and Anthropology 31(3): 352-70.
“Colonies of Benevolence: A Carceral Archipelago of Empire in the Greater Netherlands” History and Anthropology 31(3): 352-70.
“The Spirit of the Gift, the Price of Potency: A Maussian Model of the Southeast Asian State of Luwu” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 25(4): 738-59.
“The Spirit of the Gift, the Price of Potency: A Maussian Model of the Southeast Asian State of Luwu” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 25(4): 738-59.
“Tilting at Windmills: The Utopian Socialist Roots of the Patriot War, 1838–1839” Labour/Le Travail 79(1): 53-80.
"Houses of Worship in Sulawesi: Precedence, Hierarchy and Class in the Development of House Ideology" Anthropological Forum 26(4): 333-54.
“A Genealogy of Corporate Governmentality in the Realm of the ‘Merchant-King’: The Netherlands Trading Company and the Management of Dutch Paupers” Economy & Society 40(3).
“Policing Production: Corporate Governmentality and the Cultivation System” Focaal: Journal of Historical and Global Anthropology, 2011 (61): 75-90.
“‘Money bound you – money shall loose you”: Gift Giving, Social Capital and the Meaning of Money in Upper Canada” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 53(2): 1-30.
“Regenten (‘Gentlemanly’) Capitalism: Saint-Simonian Technocracy and the emergence of the ‘Industrial Great Club’ in the mid-Nineteenth-Century Netherlands” Enterprise and Society 11(3): 1-31.
“The Gentlemanly Order & the Politics of Production in the Transition to Capitalism in Upper Canada” Labour/ Le Travail 65(1): 9-45.
“Revolutions without a Revolutionary Moment: Joint Stock Democracy & the Transition to Capitalism in Upper Canada” Canadian Historical Review 89(2): 223-55.
“H(h)ouses, E(e)states and Class: On the Importance of Capitals in central Sulawesi” Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 160 (1): 71-93.
“An Apartheid of Souls: Religious Rationalization in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia”. Itinerario 27 (3/4): 142-159.
“The Miser's Store: Property and Traditional Law in the Governance of the Economy.” Journal of Peasant Studies 29(2): 24-46.
“Sitting in Silence: Self, Emotion and Tradition in the Genesis of a Charismatic Ministry.” Ethos 29 (4): 1-23.
“The Benevolent Colonies of Johannes van den Bosch: Continuities in the Administration of Poverty in the Netherlands and Indonesia” Comparative Studies in Society and History 43(2): 298-328.
“Three weddings and a Performance: Marriage, Households and Development in the Highlands of Central Sulawesi”, American Ethnologist 27(4): 1-23.
Negotiating Parentage: The Political Economy of Kinship in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.” American Ethnologist Vol. 26 (2): 310-23.
“’Let’s Party’: State Intervention, Discursive Traditionalism and the Labour Process of Highland Rice Cultivators in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.” Journal of Peasant Studies Vol. 25 (3): 112-30.
“Houses, Hierarchy, Headhunting and Exchange: Rethinking Political Relations in the Southeast Asian Realm of Luwu.” Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde vol. 153 (3): 311-35.
“The Household and Shared Poverty in the Highlands of Central Sulawesi.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, incorporating Man n.s. vol. 1 (2): 337-57.
